![]() ![]() An article in this supplement by Lamprecht and Dansereau (2019) provides a more in-depth review of CAR T-cell therapy. The goals for this therapy are for proliferation of the CAR T cells once infused and for persistence for long-term disease surveillance (Grupp, 2014). ![]() Chemotherapy resistance in refractory and relapsed B-cell ALL demonstrates the need for newer novel therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy.ĬAR T-cell therapy is a form of targeted immunotherapy using autologous T cells that are genetically engineered to recognize and attack a specific antigen on malignant cells (Callahan, Baniewicz, & Ely, 2017). Treatment failure is often seen in patients who have refractory disease to chemotherapy or who have one or more relapses (Forsberg, Das, Saha, & Capitini, 2018). Unfortunately, relapsed ALL is a significant contributor to childhood cancer mortality. Effective treatment strategies related to continuing scientific and clinical research have contributed to cure rates greater than 80% in patients with pediatric ALL (Annesley, Summers, Ceppi, & Gardner, 2018). Pediatric ALL accounts for 25% of cancer diagnoses in children younger than age 15 years and 19% of cancers in those aged 15–19 years (Hucks & Rheingold, 2019). ![]() Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cause of cancer in children (Foster & Maude, 2018). ![]()
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